Lawrence Kohlberg, an American psychologist, has propounded the 'Theory of Moral Development. He has made a systematic study of moral development in his theory that is categorized into 3 levels and 6 stages.Gilligan felt that women went through the same three stages (Pre-conventional, Conventional, Post Conventional) of development developed by Kohlberg, but that women reasoned differently than men on moral issues due to having different perspectives on moral issues.Carol Gilligan was one of Kohlberg's research assistants. She believed that Kohlberg's theory was inherently biased against women. Gilligan suggests that the biggest reason that there is a gender bias in Kohlberg's theory is that males tend to focus on logic and rules.According to Gilligan, Kohlberg has based his study primarily on a male sample.So Option (1) is the correct answer.Important PointsThe field of moral development encompasses prosocial behavior, such as altruism, caring, and helping, along with traits such as honesty, fairness, and lesson on a specific thoery and respect, proposed by Psychologist Carol Gilligan.Gilligans work on moral development focuses on how womens morality is influenced by social interactions and relationships.She emphasizes that women's ways of thinking are often undervalued compared to men.