Explanation:Petrochemicals:Petrochemicals are chemical substances that are derived from petroleum and natural gas.Example- Propylene, Ethylene, Butadiene etc.They are used for medical, household, clothing and other purposes.They are also used in the making of paints and building materials.Petroleum products are used as a fuel for domestic and commercial transport.Important PointsEvaporation:The process of conversion of liquids into gas is called evaporation.Evaporation is a surface phenomenon and thus depends on the surface area.Evaporation occurs with a change in temperature.Evaporation of oils or petroleum is done by diffusion of the oil layer and the oil surface layer.Fractional distillation:Fractional distillation is a process of separating miscible liquids which have different boiling points.Fractional distillation uses a fractionating column which collects the vapours of different liquids as they vaporize.Through this process, the oil refineries separate the crude oil to get different hydrocarbon products.Separating funnel:It is used to separate two or more immiscible liquids which form layers in the given mixture.The denser solvent comes and settles at the bottom layer and the tap is used to diffuse it out.Sublimation:Sublimation is the process of conversion of solids into gases directly or vice-versa.Example- vaporization of frozen carbon dioxide and burning of camphor.