Question Bank - General Science

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Saliva breaks down which of the following during the process of digestion?

A.
Protein
B.
Amino acid
C.
Fat
D.
Starch

Solution:

The correct answer is Starch.Salivary amylase is a digestive enzyme that helps in the breakdown of carbohydrates (starch) into simpler molecules.The human body contains three types of carbohydrates, namely polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, and disaccharides, which needs digestion.The polysaccharides include starch, glycogen, and cellulose.The oligosaccharides include dextrins.Salivary amylase breaks down starch which is a complex molecule to give simple sugar.Additional InformationThe saliva secreted into the oral cavity contains electrolytes and enzymes, salivary amylase, and lysozyme.The chemical process of digestion is initiated in the oral cavity by the hydrolytic action of the carbohydrate-splitting enzyme, the salivary amylase.About 30 per cent of starch is hydrolyzed here by this enzyme (optimum pH 6.8) into a disaccharide ‚¬€œ maltose.Thereby the function of the pancreatic amylase enzyme in the process of digestion is Glycogen ? maltose.

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