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When Mendel crossed a tall pea plant with a short pea plant, only tall plants were produced. Of these progeny F1 plants, ______ had dissimilar factors or alleles that determine the height of the pea plant.

A.
Two out of four (50%)
B.
Three out of four (75%)
C.
All (100%)
D.
One out of four (25%)

Solution:

The correct answer is All (100 %).Concept:Monohybrid Cross: A cross between two types of plants of the same species considering only the transmission of one character is called a monohybrid cross.Phenotype: It refers to the external appearance. Genotype: It refers to the genetic constitution i.e., the types of genes present in the organism. Allele: The alternative form of genes for the same character. For example, the character height has two traits tallness and dwarfness determined by alleles T and t respectively. Explanation:Gregor Johann Mendel used the monohybrid cross to determine the dominant and recessive traits in the case of peas.He crossed true-breeding tall pea plants with true-breeding dwarf pea plants.The homozygous allele for the tall pea plant is represented by TT, and the homozygous allele for the short/dwarf pea plant is represented by tt.A monohybrid cross between the two plants results in the production of a heterozygous genotype (Tt).In terms of phenotype, the F1 generation has all tall pea plants, thus indicating that the tall trait is the dominant trait and the short trait is a recessive trait. All the progenies of the F1 generation have heterozygous Tt condition i.e., they all have two different alleles. Thus, all (100 %) of the progenies have dissimilar alleles or factors to determine the height of the pea plant.

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