The Swadeshi movement was part of the Indian independence movement and contributed to the development of Indian nationalism. The movement, begun in 1906 by Indian nationals opposed to the Partition of Bengal, was one of the most successful movements against British rule. Swadeshi was a focus of Mahatma Gandhi, who described it as the soul of swaraj (self-rule). It was the most significant movement in Bengal and was known as the Vande Mataram movement in Andhra Pradesh. Hence, the correct answer is Vande Mataram MovementThe movement ended in 1911. The government's decision to partition Bengal was made in December 1903. The official reason was that Bengal, with a population of 78 million, was too large to be administered; the real reason, however, was that it was the centre of the revolt, and company officials could not control the protests which they thought would spread throughout India. Bengal was divided by language and religion: the western half would be primarily Hindu, and the eastern half would be primarily Muslim. ?