Jean Piaget made a systematic study of cognitive development among children of different age groups and he categorized it into different developmental stages. Jean Piaget, Theory of Cognitive Development, proposes that the development of the child is done in various stages. Piaget thought that the development of a child regarding thoughts, learning, and cognition is done by age.Piaget believes that the curriculum should be developed on the bases of creativity, and activities, by which children can learn the concepts of the problem.Piaget's beliefs are totally opposing rote memorization, according to him, children must be active learners.According to him, the learning should be from concrete to abstract.Learning should be done in the interest and needs of the children, there is no place for rewards and punishment to be given.So, Option (2) is the correct answer.Additional InformationJean Piaget Cognitive development theory is explained in 4 stages:StagesChan?gesSensory-motor stage Senses are teachersReflex actionsIntimate BehaviorPre-operational stage Language developmentIrreversibilityEgocentrismAnimismConcrete operational stageLogic beginsReversibilityClassificationConservationFormal Operational stageHypothetical-deductive thinkingDivergent/Convergent thinking.Creative Thinking.