Heuristics is one of the most prominent types of strategies in which we make complex decisions in an automatic, rapid, spontaneous, and effortless manner by using simple rules at a certain time many schemas are available to us which may guide our social interactions.In other words, it can also be defined as A heuristic that is a mental shortcut that allows people to solve problems and make judgments quickly and efficiently.Example: You choose not to drive after having one too many drinks.?Heuristics is totally based on previous memory and understanding and by using these phenomena a person can solve the correct facing problems.It is an interconnected way to the current problem with the previous knowledge.It is also hierarchical in manner as- problem facing, recall by older understandings than comes to conclusion.So option (2) is the correct answer.?Additional Information A mnemonic is a word, short poem, or sentence that is intended to help you remember things such as scientific rules or spelling rules.?Example: Roy G. Biv is a name used to remember the colors of the rainbow: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.A graphic organizer is a visual and graphic display that depicts the relationships between facts, terms, and or ideas within a learning task.Algorithms are a set of instructions for solving a problem.?Example: Recipe of the baking cape.