Internet service providers are categorized as:International Service Providers: At the top of the hierarchy are the international service providers that connect nations together. National Service Providers:The national Internet service providers are backbone networks created and maintained by specialized companies.To provide connectivity between the end-users, these backbone networks are connected by complex switching stations (normally run by a third party) called network access points (NAPs). Some national ISP networks are also connected to one another by private switching stations called peering points. These normally operate at a high data rate (up to 600 Mbps). Regional Service Providers:Regional internet service providers or regional ISPs are smaller ISPs that are connected to one or more national ISPs.They are at the third level of the hierarchy with a smaller data rate. Local Service Providers:Local Internet service providers provide direct service to the end-users.The local ISPs can be connected to regional ISPs or directly to national ISPs.Most end-users are connected to the local ISPs