Question Bank - English Pedagogy

Here's the question bank on all the english pedagogy topics.

Which of the following activities/tasks aim at promoting top-down listening processes?(a) Multiple choice questions(b) Extrapolative questions(c) Dictation(d) Creating and abstract

A.
(c) and (d) are top-down processes
B.
(a) and (b) are top-down processes
C.
(b) and (d) are top-down processes
D.
(c) and (b) are top-down processes

Solution:

Language skills are necessary for effective communication in any environment and to interact with others. It allows an individual to comprehend and produce language for proper and effective interpersonal communication.The four basic language skills and their natural order are listening-speaking-reading-writing. These foundational skills of language are divided into two categories which are receptive and productive skills.In the Top-down Model of listening process, the learner utilizes the background or previous knowledge to figure out the meaning of language.It is a listening approach that focuses on looking at language as a whole rather than individual sounds, words, and phrases. It concentrates on the meaning rather than grammatical structures and individual words.It makes learners understand the subject matter without necessarily going into detail about the particular topic. Extrapolative questions, Creative and Abstract activities aim at promoting top-down listening processes as:Extrapolation refers to the idea when someone makes a guess or hypothesis based on previous knowledge or experiences.Creating refers to putting elements together to form a coherent or functional whole; reorganizing elements into a new pattern or structure.Abstract activities require abstract thinking which refers to the ability to think about objects, principles, and ideas that are not physically present.Hence, it is clear that Extrapolative questions, Creative and Abstract activities aim at promoting top-down listening processes.HintMultiple choice questions and Dictation aim at promoting bottom-up listening processes as it is a listening process that focuses on decoding messages moving from sounds to words, phrases, clauses, and other grammatical elements to sentences.

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