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Zinc metal liberates hydrogen gas on reaction with dilute HCl, but hydrogen gas is not liberated, when zinc is reacted with nitric acid. What is the reason for this observation?

A.
Nitric acid oxidises hydrogen gas formed in the reaction.
B.
Nitric acid does not contain hydrogen.
C.
Zinc is less reactive than hydrogen.
D.
Zinc metal reduces the hydrogen gas formed in the reaction.

Solution:

The correct answer is Nitric acid oxidizes hydrogen gas formed in the reaction.Concept:Chemical properties of metals:The metal reacts with oxygen to form metal oxide.Metal + Oxygen ? Metal oxideThe metal reacts with an acid to form a salt.Metal + Acid ? Salt + Hydrogen gasMetals react with water to form oxides or hydroxides.Metal + water ? Metal oxide/ hydroxideMetals do not react with alkalis.Metal + Alkali ? No reactionExplanation:Metals react with dilute acids to form salt and hydrogen gas. The reaction between zinc metal and dilute HCl can be represented by the following equation:Zn (s) + 2HCl (aq.) ? ZnCl2 (aq.) + H2 (g)But when dilute HCl is replaced by nitric acid i.e., HNO3, different products are formed. The reaction between zinc metal and dilute HNO3 can be represented by the following equation:Zn + 4HNO3 ? Zn(NO3)2 + 2H2O + 2NO2?Hydrogen gas is not evolved when a metal reacts with nitric acid.It is because HNO3 is a strong oxidizing agent.It oxidizes the H2 produced into the water and itself gets reduced to any of the nitrogen oxides (N2O, NO, NO2).

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