Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, commonly known as Swatantryaveer Savarkar in the Marathi language, was an Indian independence activist and politician who formulated the Hindu nationalist philosophy of Hindutva. He was a leading personality in the Hindu Mahasabha. Abhinav Bharat was named after the Abhinav Bharat Society, an organization founded by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in 1904. The organization believed in the armed revolution and was responsible for the assassinations of some officers of the ruling British government before being disbanded in 1952. The society had two goals: to create through propaganda in Europe and North America an Indian public opinion in favour of nationalist revolution and to raise funds, knowledge, and supplies to carry out such a revolution. It emphasized actions of self-sacrifice by its members for the Indian cause. Hence, the correct answer is 1904. Additional InformationSavarkar's revolutionary thoughts led to the assassination of Lt. Col. William Curzon-Wyllie, the political aide-de-camp to the Secretary of State for India, by Madanlal Dhingra on the evening of 1 July 1909, at a meeting of Indian students in the Imperial Institute in London. Dhingra was arrested and later tried and executed. A. M. T. Jackson, the district magistrate of Nasik, was assassinated in India by Anant Laxman Kanhare in 1909 in the historic "Nasik Conspiracy Case"The investigation into the Jackson assassination revealed the existence of the Abhinav Bharat Society and the role of the Savarkar brothers in leading it. Vinayak Savarkar was found to have dispatched twenty Browning pistols to India, one of which was used in the Jackson assassination. He was charged with the Jackson murder and sentenced to "transportation" for life. Savarkar was imprisoned in the Cellular Jail in the Andaman Islands in 1910