The correct answer is Irfan Habib. Irfan Habib:He was an Indian Historian whose main area of specialization was medieval Indian historyThe second major theory of the Aligarh School was built by Irfan Habib in his Agrarian System of Mughal Empire(1963). He tried to work out the causes of the decline of the Mughal Empire in a class framework that does not stop simply at identifying the classes but extends to identify the Mughal state as the protective arm of the exploiting class. He illustrates the basic nature of the Mughal land revenue demand. Habib implicitly highlights a number of social contradictions in the society controlled and managed by the Mughal Empire. The basic features of this 'Agrarian Crisis' as propounded by Irfan Habib are:High rate of demand built-in the zabt system. The increasing gap between the actual hasil and the expected JAMA. Rotation of jagirs, pressurizing the peasants, and ruination of agriculture. Ruination and flight of peasantry from the jagirs, which affected the zamindars also as they were closely linked to the Village Community. Breakout of agrarian revolts which were manifestations of peasant discontent. Additional InformationAthar AliHe was an Indian Historian whose main area of specialization was medieval Indian history. Athar was known to hold a strong stance against Hindu and Islamic extremism. He was a professor at the Centre for Advanced Studies in Medieval History at his Alma mater, Aligarh MuslimHe wrote extensively on the Mughal Empire, comparative history of Islamic Empires, implications of secularism, and early modern societies from Spain to Indonesia. Athar Ali demonstrated how the quantitative data obtained from them could tell the reader the internal processes of the Mughal polity. Satish ChandraSatish Chandra was an Indian Historian whose main area of specialization was medieval Indian history. He was a Professor of History at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi. He was the Secretary and President of the Indian History Congress. He was an associated director of research at the Maison des Sciences de l'Homme as well as an executive board member at the International Congress of Historical Sciences, both in Paris. Bipan ChandraBipan Chandra was an Indian historian, specializing in the economic and politic of modern history at Jawaharlal Nehru University. He wrote several books, including The Rise and Growth of Economic Nationalism. Chandra was a sectional president and then the general president of the Indian History Congress in 1985. In his retirement years, he was appointed as a national research professor in 2007.