The correct answer is Under Section 2(c) of Cr.P.C.Cognizable OffencesUnder Cr. P.C a Cognizable Offence is discussed under Section 154. Section 2(c) of Cr.P.C. defines it to be an offense in which the police officer can arrest the convict without a warrant and can start an investigation without the due permission of the court. Hence, Option 4 is correct.These are the offenses that are usually very serious and generally heinous. For example Rape, murder, kidnapping, dowry death, etc.All cognizable offenses are non-bailable due to their serious and heinous nature.Additional Information Non-cognizable OffencesSection 2(1) of Cr.P.C. defines Non-cognizable Offence.It refers to it as an offense for which a police officer has no authority to arrest without a warrant.These are the offenses that are not serious or usually petty.For example assault, cheating, forgery, defamation, etc. Non-cognizable offenses are usually bailable because of their non-serious nature.IPCThe Indian Penal Code (IPC) is the official criminal code of India.It is a comprehensive code intended to cover all substantive aspects of criminal law.The code was drafted in 1860 on the recommendations of the first law commission of India established in 1834 under the Charter Act of 1833 under the chairmanship of Macaulay.It came into force in British India during the early British Raj period in 1862.However, it did not apply automatically in the Princely states, which had their courts and legal systems until the 1940s.The Code has since been amended several times and is now supplemented by other criminal provisions.